..
.......... CUMBRIA WAY
...... Ulverston – Caldbeck = 90 km

Lake District: stunning lake and mountain scenery.
- Dit is het grootste nationaal park van Engeland.
- Het heeft ruige bergen (tot bijna 1000 m hoogte). en. romantische dalen.
- Kenmerkend zijn ook de vele langgerekte meren. Vandaar de Engelse naam.

Located in northwest England, the English Lake District is a mountainous area, whose valleys have been modelled by glaciers in the Ice Age and subsequently shaped by an agro-pastoral land-use system characterized by fields enclosed (omheind) by walls.
The combined work of nature and human activity has produced a harmonious landscape in which the mountains are mirrored in the lakes.
Grand houses, gardens and parks have been purposely created to enhance the landscape’s beauty.
This landscape was greatly appreciated from the 18th century onwards by the Picturesque and later Romantic movements, which celebrated it in paintings, drawings and words.
It also inspired an awareness of the importance of beautiful landscapes and triggered early efforts to preserve them.

Fotoalbum:
http://ramblingman.or...
..........................................
www.ramblingpete.walki...


Mooiste deel:
Van Ulverston naar Caldbeck.


Lengte en tijdsduur: 90 km
• Als je deze wandeltrektocht met een lichte dagrugzak loopt , terwijl je de hoofdbagage laat bezorgen, kun je het traject in 4 dagen doen.
In zo'n mooie omgeving als het Lake District zou ik er liever 5 dagen van maken (zie verderop bij Van dag tot dag).
• Ga je echter met trekkingrugzak en tent dan heb je zo'n indeling niet nodig. Je bent dan vrij in doen en laten en kunt 's avonds altijd wel een tentplek vinden.
Je hebt dan wel 2 dagen méér nodig, omdat je met een trekkingrugzak
minder kilometers per dag aflegt.



• North of Beacon Tarn
.

• Looking out towards Coniston Water


Beste periode:
Dat is Juni, juli, augustus.
Mei is nog koud en september is het zéér nat en al vroeg donker.
Als je zo'n langeafstandspad loopt, moet je rekening houden met een regendag. Speciaal het Lake District en de Pennines zijn daar berucht voor.
Het zijn stuwingsregens * zoals ook bij de westkust van Schotland.
Wees er daarom op voorbereid dat je het daar niet altijd droog houdt.
Tot en met juli zijn er veel korte regenbuitjes. De totale neerslaghoeveelheid valt dan nog wel mee. Augustus en volgende maanden zijn echter ronduit nat.
(Voor het weerbericht ga je naar www.metoffice.gov.uk/ )

• Coniston looking from Bown Howe


• Tarn Hows (Tarn = kaarmeertje)


Zwaarte:
De dagen variëren van licht tot zwaar:
• De eerste dag (Ulverston — Coniston) is middelzwaar: ze heeft niet veel stijging, maar is wel behoorlijk lang (22 kilometer).
• Dag twee t/m vier zijn lichte wandelingen.
• De vijfde (laatste) dag (Keswick – Caldbeck) is zwaar. Ze is niet erg lang, maar het traject gaat over High Pike (658 m) met rotsige paden en steile hellingen.
"Surprisingly, despite crossing the whole of the Lake District from south to north, the Cumbria Way is not a high-level route. There are only two real ascents:
1. the crossing of Stake Pass (480 m) between Great Langdale and Borrowdale,
2. the summit of High Pike (658 m), north of Skiddaw (931 m).
For most of its journey, the Cumbria Way keeps to the valleys and to the lower hills, so it is more a picturesque route than a mountain challenge".


Routemarkering:
De Cumbria Way is géén National Trail. De markering in het terrein is daarom wat minder. Met behulp van je strookkaart en wandelgids is het vinden van de route echter een peuleschil.


Bevoorrading:
• Levensmiddelen: geen probleem. Er waren voldoende dorpjes met een supermarktje.
• Drinkwater: er waren ook voldoende huizen onderweg, waar je dat kunt vragen.


ANWB Campings:
Zie voor een overzicht anwb.nl/engeland


Wildkamperen (bivak):
Gaf mij geen problemen.



• Chapel Stile met op de voorgrond een ommuurde schapenweide.


Zwak deeltraject:
De laatste etappe Caldbeck — Carlisle heeft weinig kwaliteit. De route gaat daar door normaal landbouwgebied. Sla deze anticlimax maar liever over. Informeer daarom in Keswick naar mogelijke oplossingen voor dat pobleem. Bijvoorbeeld naar de bustijden in Caldbeck.
Een mooie oplossing lijkt het mij om (met goed weer) via High Pike (de oostelijke, hoge route) naar Caldbeck te lopen en de volgende dag via Whitewater Dash Falls (de westelijke, lage route) terug naar Keswick.


Hoogtepunten:
De middelste drie etappes:
• Coniston — Great Langdale.
• Great Langdale — Rosthwaite.
• Rosthwaite — Keswick.


Extra dagen mogelijk in:
1. Coniston:
There is plenty to see and do around:
• a walk to the summit of Coniston Old Man,
• boat trips on Coniston Water on the elegant Victorian steam yacht 'Gondola',
• the Ruskin Museum in the village and the home of John Ruskin, the author, critic, artist and philanthropist who lived at Brantwood on the eastern side of the lake.
• Another possibility would be a trip to the little 17th century cottage, Hill Top, where Beatrix Potter wrote many of her books or
• the picturesque village of Hawkshead. Among the interesting buildings in the village is Hawkshead Courthouse, St. Michael's Church, the solicitors offices of William Heelis, husband of Beatrix Potter, that contains an exhibition of the illustrations from her children's books and the old Grammar school, where Wordsworth was educated; the desk on which he carved his name can still be seen.
2. Keswick:
• It is a bustling small town with plenty of shops, inns and cafes.
• There are boat trips on Derwentwater,
• or you could walk to the mystical Castlerigg Stone Circle,
• the fine viewpoint of Friar's Crag or
• climb Skiddaw, the fourth highest mountain in England.



• Great Langdale, a U-shaped valley (= dal met U-vormig dwarsprofiel).


• Side House Farm, Great Langdale met ommuurde schapenweiden.
.

• Langdale Pikes gezien vanaf de Cumbria Way.
• Ook in dit dal weer ommuurde schapenweiden.


The Lake District - a glaciated upland:
• The Lake District is England's highest upland, with mountains rising to almost 1000 m (highest mountain Scafell Pike = 978 m).
(upland = all land above the upper limit of enclosured (omheind) farmland.
Dit is grofweg het gebied hoger dan 1,000 feet(ongeveer 300 m).
• It is also the countries best example of a glaciated upland, with much evidence of a variety of glacial features including ribbon lakes (langgerekte meren) for which the area is famous.
As with all of our mountain regions, the Lake district used to be much, much higher than it is now, but it has been weathered and eroded by many forces, and especially by glaciers.
During the Ice Age, glaciers spread out in all directions from the highest part of the Lake District and eroded a trail of features including:
- corries (=karen) met tarns (=kaarmeertjes)
- arêtes (=graten)
- pyramidal peaks (=pyramidale pieken),
- U-shaped valleys (=dalen met U-vormig dwarsprofiel), met daarin:
- ribbon lakes (=langgerekte meren)
(most famous of these lakes being Lake Windermere (longest lake in Engl.)
Zie ook de volgende introducties:
glaciated upland landscapes en uplands


Reisverhaal:
www.wijreizen.nl
De schrijver van het reisverhaal, liep het pad begin april. Vandaar het koude weer met sneeuwbuien. Voorkom die problemen door in juni, juli of augustus te gaan.


Eindbeoordeling:
Dit deeltraject is een echte top trail.


Beste websites:
www.thecumbriaway.info
........................................
www.walklakes.co.uk/cw/
.........................................
www.oppad.nl/?bestemm...
Sites komen en gaan; dat valt niet bij te houden. Googel daarom ook een keer naar cumbria way en bekijk de eerste 10 (evt. 20) resultaten. Daar zitten de belangrijkste sites wel tussen.



• Smithymire Island.
.

• Willygrass Gill

The upland farming system:
a Cumbrian example

The upland farms comprise here: the farmyard and three land types:
.. 1. inbye ....2.intake ... 3.open fell
These operate as a management system to provide farmers with flexibility to overcome the poor physical conditions of the environment.

1. The inbye land near the farms in the valley is made up of enclosed grasslands (hay meadows , silage) (and some occasional arable fields to produce forage crops).
Changes in farming practice since the 1960s replaced hay with silage, the latter of which has little wildlife value.

2.The intake lying on the valley sides is made up of pieces of common or other land which has been enclosed from the open fell.
It produces a semi-improved pasture of rush beds and some nutritious grasses for (cattle) and sheep.

3. In the open fell is the unenclosed rough grazing. It is lying above the fell wall. The land here can be common land, owned by a single landlord or shared through common rights by the farms which graze livestock upon it, populating an area of land referred to as a heft.
The fell itself is a mosaic of poor agricultural potential, but high conservation value, semi-natural habitats, usually, heather moorland, rough grassland and blanket bogs.
It is this zone which has suffered most from increased grazing in terms of its wildlife because those managers with grazing rights can graze as many livestock as their common rights allow, which can exceed ecological or even agricultural carrying capacity

1. inbye = enclosed grassland (hay meadows, silage), often surrounding farm buildings.

2. intake = semi-improved pasture taken in and fenced from the hill.

3. open fell = a mosaic of heather moorland, types of grassland and blanket bog (fell = northern term for hill)

hay meadow = enclosed grassland managed for the purpose of gathering hay, usually cut once a year in the summer.

heft = a piece or parcel of land in unenclosed hill and mountain pasture to which sheep are attached, usually because they have been bred. on it. These fields are fertilized.

meadow = enclosed grassland not permanently grazed and cut once a year for conserved fodder

moorland = the unenclosed land of the uplands supporting
- upland heath (wet and dry),
- upland grassland (all types)
- blanket bog

new take/allotment = pasture taken in and fenced from the hill, generally used for grazing and holding stock, they may or may not be improved.

pasture = enclosed grassland for the sole purpose of grazing stock.

semi-improved grassland = grassland which has been modified by the application of fertilisers (generally at a low level over a long period of time), herbicides, intensive grazing or drainage such that its species-richness and diversity is lower than that of unimproved semi-natural grassland but still retains some characteristics of the semi-natural grassland from which it has been derived

upland farm = a marginal farm with both open hill grazing and inbye land.

www.banc.org.uk/wp-conte...

Van dag tot dag (www.contours.co.uk )

Verdeel de lange etappe Great Langdale — Keswick (26 km) over twee dagen van 13 km. In zo'n mooie omgeving hoef je je niet te vervelen. We krijgen dan de volgende indeling:


1. Ulverston — Coniston
... 23 km..... Middelzwaar ....↑ 350 m
- The market town of Ulverston has charming cobbled (kasseien) streets.
- From there the Cumbria Way begins with a long but undulating days walk over fields criss-crossed with dry stone walls (stapelmuren) into the National Park.
- The scenery takes on a more rugged feel as you head over moorland to picturesque Beacon Tarn.
- The path then drops down to the beautiful view of Coniston Water, the third largest lake in the Lake District. Walking along the lake is a joy, through woodland with Grizedale beyond and skirting the glistening waters to Conistonand your nights accommodation.


2.  Coniston — Great Langdale
....19 km ..... Licht....↑ 225 m
- Leaving Coniston behind, the walk reaches Tarn Hows, a popular beauty spot. that offers views towards the Helvellyn range and Langdale Pike.
- Tranquil woodland walking now leads to a detour to view the impressive waterfall at Skelwith Force and back to the path at pretty Skelwith Bridge.
- Following the river, the way opens up to beautiful Elterwater, one of the. smallest lakes that offers a huge impact with Great Langdale rising above.
- The village of Elterwater is a good place for refreshment before a fantastic final 5 miles up the valley of Great Langdale towards the Langdale Pikes and. your second stop at Old Dungeon Ghyll.

3.  Great Langdale — Rosthwaite
....13 km .....Licht....↑ 500 m
- The first real climb of the Cumbria Way comes at the end of a two mile walk. into secluded Mickleden.
- After climbing your way up Stake Pass (480 m) you drop down into the even. more secluded Langstrath valley and
- a rocky and sometimes wet walk brings you to the River Derwent in Borrowdale and on to your accommodation in Rosthwaite.
- You can also take the public bus to Keswick and travel back the next morning.


4.  Rosthwaite — Keswick
.....13 km ......Licht
- The walk leads you along the River Derwent to peaceful Derwentwater,
one of the most scenic lakes in the Lake District. It has four islands in the centre and experiences real changes in scenery and mood with the weather.
- The trail heads through woodland and to Keswick, your nights accommodationThe town is blessed with the impressive Skiddaw moorland above and. the gentle Derwentwater below. It is a charming place, with great shops and restaurants making it the main centre for Lake District tourism.
A simple stroll down to the water, a boat trip or even a performance at the lakeside theatre all make for a memorable evening in beautiful Keswick.


5.  Keswick — Caldbeck
.... 23 km...... Zwaar .... ↑ 750 m
- The distinctive character of this stage is rough windswept moorland that opens out below the bulks of Skiddaw and Blencathra mountains.
- At the Skiddaw House you make the decision to follow the high level route over High Pike (658 m) (= the eastern alternative route) or opt for the more cautious low level route via Whitewater Dash waterfall (=the western alternative route).
- In bad weather the choice is almost always straightforward - go low! Navigation can be tricky on the tops here when the mist comes down.
- In fair weather I would always opt for the high level route.
- You will admire heather-clad slopes and extensive views across to the distant North Pennines, enjoying and ascent of the highest point of your journey.
- Dropping down High Pike marks the end of the Lake District, then onwards. through farmland and lanes to Caldbeck.
- Caldbeck is a traditional fell village with timeless character in an area not. well known to tourists but blessed with impressive scenery.  

SNP Natuurreizen heeft in Cumbria 3 wandelreizen:

1. 100 % wandelen vanuit Portinscale.

2. De Cumbrian Mountains and Windermere.

3. Self guided walking aan Derwent Water.

Zie hiervoor: www.snp.nl/reizen/gr...

Veel Noren en Noorse namen in het Lake District:

Duizend jaar geleden hebben vele Noren zich in het Lake District gevestigd.
Je ziet dat terug in veel lokale namen. Voorbeelden zijn:
- Noorse tjørn (=kaarmeertje) is anglicised to tarn,
- Noorse: dahl (=dal) anglicised to dale,
- Noorse: fjell (=fjell, bergen) anglicised to fell,
- Noorse: bekk (=beek) anglicised to beck,
- Noorse: foss (=waterval) anglicised to force,
- Het achtervoegsel "-thwaite" in bijv. Rosthwaite komt ook uit het Noors. Het betekent open plek (in het bos.

• Rosthwaite
.

• Alongside Derwent Water

..Deze wandelsite is niet-commercieel, onafhankelijk en gratis. Dat is enkel mogelijk door steun van de bezoekers. Heb je hier goede info gevonden, toon dan je waardering door een kleine donatie voor het vele werk. Zo kan de website ook gratis blijven en uitgebouwd worden! ...................... Betaal met deze knop in een paar klikken via je eigen PayPal-saldo. Heb je zelf nog geen PayPal-rekening, dan kun je toch via PayPal vanaf je creditcard geld overmaken. Uiteraard kun je ook doneren door overschrijving op mijn ING-bankrekening: IBAN : NL38 INGB 0003 5057 89 BIC : INGBNL2A t.n.v. P. C.M. Smulders. ....

Weet je aanvullingen en verbeteringen van deze tekst?
Graag een e-mail naar:

.... .... ..

LAATST BIJGEWERKT : 7-1-2019